Ages in Chaos, by Immanuel Velikovsky The history of Egypt reaches back to hoary antiquity; the Jewish people have a history that claims to describe the very beginning of their nation’s march through the centuries. They bore the yoke of bondage in Egypt. Historians have agreed that their Exodus took place during the period called the New Kingdom of Egypt. The beginning of the New Kingdom is established to have been about 1580 B.C. The Egyptian papyrus containing the words of Ipuwer according to its first possessor, Anastasi, was found in the neighborhood of the pyramids of Saqqara. In 1909 the text was published by Alan H. Gardiner. The text points to the historical character of the situation. Egypt was in distress; the social system had become disorganized; violence filled the land. Invaders preyed upon the defenseless population; the rich were stripped of everything and slept in the open, and the poor took their possessions. Compare some passages from the Book of Exodus with the papyrus.Papyrus 2:10 Forsooth, gates, columns and walls are consumed by fire.Exodus 9:23 The fire ran along the ground. There was hail, and fire mingled with the hail.Papyrus 4:14 Trees are destroyed.6:1 No fruit or herbs are found.Exodus 9:25 And the hail smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field.Worlds in Collision, by Immanuel Velikovsky Following the red dust, a small dust, like ashes of the furnace fell in all the land of Egypt (Exodus 9:18), and then a shower of meteorites flew toward the earth. We are informed by Midrashic and Talmudic sources that the stones which fell on Egypt were hot. Ipuwer wrote: “Trees are destroyed. No fruits, no herbs are found. Grain has perished on every side”. In the Book of Exodus (9:25) it is written: “And the hail smote every herb of the field, and brake every tree of the field”. The description of such a catastrophe is found in the Visuddhi-Magga, a Buddhist text on the world cycles. “When a world cycle is destroyed by wind there arises a wind. First it raises a fine dust, then coarse dust, then fine sand, then coarse sand, then grit, stones, up to boulders as large as trees. The Mexican Annals of Cuauhtitlan describe how a cosmic catastrophe was accompanied by a hail of stones.